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Vasárnapi Könyv. 1914. Első félév 15. füzet
Ez trtnt Dvi angol tudssal (nevt angolosan gy rjk: Davy), mikor 1806-ban borkbl s sznbl ers felmelegtssel a klium nev, igen knny s puha fmet akarta nyerni. Ehelyett ugyanis barnsszrke ismeretlen tmeget kapott, melybl, ha vz jutott hozz, fokhagyma-szag gz radt ki. Ezt a gzt meg is lehetett gyujtani s akkor ersen kormoz, vilgt lnggal gett, felfedezje azonban mg csak nem is sejtette, hogy valamikor vilgtsra fogjk felhasznlni. Az a barna tmeg, melybl a vz a knnyen meggyullad gzt kivlasztotta, szn s klium vegylke volt s a tudomnyban klium-karbid-nak neveztk el. A belle kirad gznak acetiln a neve s nem ms, mint szn s hidrogn-gz vegylke. Ksbb msoknak is sikerlt acetilnt kszteni, mg pedig nemcsak a klium-karbidbl, hanem ms anyagokbl is. Most leginkbb a kalcium-fmnek s sznnek a vegylkbl: a kalcium-karbidbl (msz-karbidnak is mondjk) gyrtjk s vilgtanak vele. A msz-karbidot 1862 ta ismerjk, de akkor mg igen nehezen s csak nagy kltsggel tudtk elkszteni. ppen azrt az acetilnt akkor vilgtsra nem lehetett hasznlni. Mint minden anyagnak, a msz-karbidnak is csak akkor lehetett az iparban hasznt venni, mikor kitalltk, hogyan lehet knnyen s olcsn nagy tmegben gyrtani. Ez egy hrneves francia vegysznek, Moaszannak (franciul gy rjk: Moissan) rdeme, aki Prisban olyan tzll kemenct ptett, melyben igen ers villamosrammal tudta a meszet a sznnel sszeolvasztani. A kemencben a villamosram 34 ezer fokos risi hsget fejlesztett s ebben olyan anyagokat is ssze lehetett olvasztani, amilyeneket azeltt semmiflekpen sem sikerlt egyesteni. Igy a tiszta sznbl s mszbl ezutn mr knny volt akrmilyen nagy mennyisgben msz-karbidot gyrtani. De eleinte mg gy is drga volt az acetiln, mert Moaszan a msz-karbid ksztsre cukorbl getett szenet s mrvnyt hasznlt, ami mindkett drga portka. maga nem gondolt arra, hogy az acetilnt az iparban rtkestse, azrt nem igyekezett olcsbb tenni. Nem sok id telt el Moaszannak a villamoskemencben vgzett ksrletei, prblgatsai utn, mikor egy amerikai aluminium-gyros (Wilson) kezdte meg a msz-karbid gyrtst. ......Buy Now (To Read More)
Ebook Number: 30430
Author: Various
Release Date: Nov 9, 2009
Format: eBook
Language: Hungarian
Editor: Árkay, Kálmán
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