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The robotic manipulators have become the integral part of various application areas such as industries, healthcare, nuclear plants and space etc. The significant advantages of these systems are precise and fast positioning. For the precise motion control, it is essential to effectively control the end-effector of these plants. The robotic manipulators are multiinput multi-output (MIMO), highly coupled, highly nonlinear and uncertain systems. The performance of these systems is influenced by the various uncertainties such as parameter variations, external disturbances, external noises and payload variations. The conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are not quite tractable for such mentioned complexities. Therefore, the demand of high precision control in the different fields has necessitated the use of intelligent control techniques. For designing any control scheme, it is necessary to obtain an accurate mathematical model of the plant under consideration. In this thesis, the different variants of two-link rigid planar robotic manipulators have been considered.
You may return most new, unopened items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.).
You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days).
If you need to return an item, simply login to your account, view the order using the "Complete Orders" link under the My Account menu and click the Return Item(s) button. We'll notify you via e-mail of your refund once we've received and processed the returned item.
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