Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology

2024 Hardcover Reprint of 1931 Edition. Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition software. Widely regarded as the principal founder of phenomenology, one of the most important movements in twentieth century philosophy, Edmund Husserl's Ideas is one of his most important works and a classic of twentieth century thought. Husserl's early thought conceived of phenomenology - the general study of what appears to conscious experience - in a relatively narrow way, mainly in relation to problems in logic and the theory of knowledge. The publication of Ideas in 1913 witnessed a significant and controversial widening of Husserl's thought, changing the course of phenomenology decisively. Husserl argued that phenomenology was the study of the very nature of what it is to think, "the science of the essence of consciousness" itself. Husserl's arguments ignited a heated debate regarding the nature of consciousness and experience that has endured throughout the twentieth and continues in the present day. No understanding of twentieth century philosophy is complete without some understanding of Husserl, and his work influenced some of the great philosophers of the twentieth century, such as Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre.

Contents; First Section; The Nature and Knowledge of Essential Being; First Chapter; Fact and Essence; 1. Natural knowledge and experience; 2. Fact. Inseparability of fact and essence; 3. Essential insight and individual intuition; 4. Essential insight and the play of fancy. Knowledge of essences independent of all knowledge of facts; 5. Judgments about essence and judgments of eidetic generality; 16. Region and category in the sphere of substantive meaning Synthetic cognitions a priori 17. Conclusions of the logical considerations; Second Chapter; Naturalistic Misconstructions; 18. Introduction to the critical discussions; 19. The empiricist's identification of experience and primordial dator act; 20. Empiricism and scepticism; 21. Obscurities on the idealistic side; 22. The reproach of Platonic realism. Essence and concept; 23. Spontaneity of ideation, essence, and fiction; 24. The principle of all principles; 25. The positivist at work as natural scientist, the natural scientist in reflective thought as positivist 26. Sciences of the dogmatic and sciences of the philosophic stand-point; Second Section; The Fundamental Phenomenological Outlook; First Chapter; The Thesis of The Natural Standpoint and Its Suspension; 27. The world of the natural standpoint: I and my world about me; 28. The cogito. My natural world-ahout-me and the ideal worlds-about-me; 29. The ""other"" Ego-subjects and the intersubjective natural world about-me; 30. The general thesis of the natural standpoint