The Killing Age: How Violence Made the Modern World

A bracing account of how our current planetary crisis emerged from the worst cataclysmic destruction in human history, which Clifton Crais terms the Mortecene--the killing age.

We are used to speaking of the Anthropocene and the outsized impact humans have had on the planet. But we sometimes lose sight of a fundamental truth at the heart of modern world history: the legacy of human predation, slavery, and imperialism that has devastated the natural world and led us to our present moment. As historian Clifton Crais shows in this magisterial work, the period that we most associate with human progress--which gave us the Enlightenment, the rise of democracies, the Industrial Revolution, and more--was at the same time catastrophically destructive.

In this bracing, landmark book, Crais urges us to view the growth of global capitalism between 1750 and the early 1900s not as the Anthropocene, but as the Mortecene: the Killing Age. Killing brought the world together and tore it apart, as profiteering warlords committed mass-scale slaughter of humans and animals across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The newfound ease and profitability of killing created a disturbing network of global connections and economies, eliminating tens of millions of people and sparking an environmental crisis that remains the most urgent catastrophe facing the world today.

Drawing on years of scholarship and marshaling myriad sources across world history, The Killing Age turns our vision of past and present on its head, illuminating the Mortecene in all its horror--how it shaped who we are, what we value and fear, and the precarious present we inhabit today.

Author: Clifton Crais
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Published: 11/25/2025
Pages: 664
Binding Type: Hardcover
Weight: 2.39lbs
Size: 9.19h x 6.39w x 1.86d
ISBN: 9780226827414

About the Author
Clifton Crais is professor of history at Emory University. He is the author or editor of eight other books, including the memoir History Lessons: A Memoir of Madness, Memory, and the Brain, and Sara Baartman and the Hottentot Venus: A Ghost Story and a Biography, coauthored with Pamela Scully.