100 Questions and Answers About The Black Church: The Social and Spiritual Movement of a People

Forged in the furnace of U.S. segregation, the Black Church is the pillar of African American communities across the country. In his introduction to this guide, the Rev. Charles Christian Adams writes that leaders of the Black Church, "have changed the world for the better and helped humanity to morally progress in labor relations, distribution of resources, education, health care, equal protection under the law, access to opportunity, housing, economic development and social activism."

Adams wrote that this guide, "is concise but in no way superfluous. So when you encounter the efficacy of the African American worship tradition or if you seek it out, you will be well prepared. Even if you just want to know enough to increase your understanding, you will enjoy this offering."

Guides in this series typically attract the attention of people who want to see how their story is told. However, the Michigan State University Journalism School designs and writes these for curious people who seek answers to basic questions for a group, religion or culture they want to learn about.

This guide answers the call that TIME magazine raised in a headline, "To understand America, you need to understand the Black Church."

We agree. The Black Church is a response to enslavement and discrimination, but its momentum is independent of outside forces. It is both an alliance of seven Christian denominations and a longstanding instrument of social change.

This dual identity takes our search for answers in several directions. Some of the questions "100 Questions and Answers About the Black Church" addresses:

• Why were Black Churches created?
• Why did enslaved people convert to Christianity?
• What was the "Slave Bible"?
• How did Black migration to the North affect the church?
• How are Black Churches sanctuaries?
• Why are they attacked?
• What is the Black social gospel?
• What is Black Liberation Theology?
• What type of preaching occurs in the Black Church?
• Does the Black Church ordain women?
• What are the origins of gospel music?
• How do sacred and secular music interact?
• Are pulpits more political in Black Churches?
• What role does the church play in Black Lives Matter?

The answers come from research and the voices of people who have lived these experiences. The guide shows how the Black Church connects and gave wings to sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois; former president Barack Obama; Katy Ferguson, who started a Sunday school in 1793; the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.; author Michael Eric Dyson, queen of soul Aretha Franklin; singer-songwriter John Legend and social activist Alice Walker.