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Since the advent of digital computers, numerical solvers have become progressively more powerful and reliable. However, the accuracy of the model depends on the extent to which it reflects the real system. To ensure that the model is an accurate representation of the real system (essentially a "digital twin" of the real system), it is necessary to compare model results with real-world data and adjust model parameters to reduce the level of uncertainties in the model results, and then identify and correct as many discrepancies as is feasible.
According to the Calibration Subcommittee of the AWWA Engineering Modeling Applications Committee (2013a), "water distribution model calibration consists of comparing model results with accurate field measurements and making adjustments to model and reviewing field data to improve agreement over a range of conditions that correspond to how the model is intended to be used." Calibration should result in a more accurate model, a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the model, and greater confidence in model results.
Hydraulic models of water distribution systems are widely used to help solve engineering and operational problems in water systems. To ensure that a model accurately represents a real system, model results are compared with physical measurements over a range of conditions. If the model predictions agree with the data, the model can be used with confidence for the conditions it was calibrated.
You may return most new, unopened items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.).
You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days).
If you need to return an item, simply login to your account, view the order using the "Complete Orders" link under the My Account menu and click the Return Item(s) button. We'll notify you via e-mail of your refund once we've received and processed the returned item.
We can ship to virtually any address in the world. Note that there are restrictions on some products, and some products cannot be shipped to international destinations.
When you place an order, we will estimate shipping and delivery dates for you based on the availability of your items and the shipping options you choose. Depending on the shipping provider you choose, shipping date estimates may appear on the shipping quotes page.
Please also note that the shipping rates for many items we sell are weight-based. The weight of any such item can be found on its detail page. To reflect the policies of the shipping companies we use, all weights will be rounded up to the next full pound.
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