Smut: An 1883 Obscenity Trial and Its Echoes Today

"An engrossing tale well told."
--Mary Beth Norton, author of Liberty's Daughters and In the Devil's Snare

"Kammen's writing is engaging throughout, and her argument connecting 1883 to the present day is persuasive. A narrow slice of local history that opens, unexpectedly, onto the present."
--Kirkus Reviews

In June, 1883, Jefferson and Helen Beardsley of Ithaca, New York, were tried and sentenced for "selling and exhibiting obscene pictures." In Smut, Carol Kammen draws directly from the trial transcript to reveal the fascinating history surrounding the case and its unmistakable relevance to today. With gentle humor, she weaves in the story of her research for the book, offering insight into the way local historians go about their important work.

The account originates with the 1876 Centennial Celebration in Philadelphia. This enormous affair attracted millions of visitors from around the world, and was, among other things, a venue for all types of artwork, including erotica. Kammen explains, "Although there was pornography of one sort or another all along, the dissemination of such pictures and at an affordable price into smaller cities and villages in the country can be traced directly to the advances in photography in the 1850s and to the 1876 Centennial Celebration." The Beardsleys brought several images home from the fair to their small photography studio and proceeded to show them to select customers.

The town leaders of Ithaca, a hamlet about to grow rapidly thanks to the presence of the recently-founded Cornell University, were vigilant to protect their town's good name. Through the lens of the trial, Kammen explores the local social control agency of the day, the influence of Anthony Comstock's legislation for social purity, and the status of women in American life and law. In vivid detail, this small-town trial dramatizes the same forces at work today, as citizens strive to balance the public good with private rights. Includes photographs.

Author: Carol Kammen
Publisher: Paul Dry Books
Published: 08/18/2026
Pages: 217
Binding Type: Paperback
Weight: 0.61lbs
Size: 8.50h x 5.50w x 0.54d
ISBN: 9781589882140


Review Citation(s):
Kirkus Reviews 07/15/2026

About the Author
Carol Kammen has authored more than a dozen books about New York State history; a historical novel, Lamentations; and On Doing Local History, now in its third edition. She is a retired Senior Lecturer in History at Cornell University, a former editorial writer for History News, the Tompkins County Historian for the past twenty-five years, and winner of the New York State Historian of the Year award. She lives in Ithaca, NY, where she is busily retired and politically engaged.