Stay Alive: Berlin, 1939-1945

An astonishing account of life under a murderous regime amid a great city's descent into utter annihilation

In 1939, when Ian Buruma's epic opens, Berlin has been under Nazi rule for six years, and its 4.3 million people have made their accommodations to the regime, more or less. When war broke out with Poland in September, what was most striking at first was how little changed. Unless you were Jewish. Then life, already hard, was soon to get unfathomably worse.

Buruma gives tender attention to the Jewish experience in Berlin during the war, weaving its thread into the broader fabric of this marvelously rich and vivid mosaic of urban life. The distillation of a broad-gauged reckoning with a vast trove of primary sources, including a surprising number of interviews with living survivors, the book is a study in extremes--depravity and resilience, moral blindness and moral courage, pious bigotry and unchecked hedonism.

By 1943, with the German defeat at Stalingrad, ordinary life in Berlin would acquire an increasingly desperate cast. The last three years of the war in Berlin are truly a descent into hell, with a deranged regime in desperate free fall, an increasingly relentless pounding from Allied bombers, and the mounting dread of the approaching Soviet army. The common greeting of Berliners was now not "Auf wiedersehen" or "Heil Hitler" but "Bleiben Sie übrig"--"Stay alive." And by war's end Berlin's population had fallen by almost half.

Among the people trying to stay alive in the city was Ian Buruma's own father, a Dutch student conscripted into forced labor in the war economy along with 400,000 other imported workers. Buruma gives due weight to his and their experiences, which give the book a special added dimension. This is a book full of tenderness and genuine heroism, but it is by no means sentimental: again and again we see that most people do not do the hard thing most of the time. Most people go along. It's a lesson that has not lost its timeliness.

Author: Ian Buruma
Publisher: Penguin Press
Published: 03/17/2026
Pages: 400
Binding Type: Hardcover
Weight: 1.15lbs
Size: 9.38h x 6.15w x 1.51d
ISBN: 9780593654347


Review Citation(s):
Kirkus Reviews 02/01/2026
Library Journal 02/01/2026 pg. 65

About the Author
Ian Buruma was born in the Netherlands. He studied Chinese at Leiden University and cinema at Nihon University, Tokyo. He has lived and worked in Tokyo, Hong Kong, London, and New York. He is a regular contributor to Harper's and The New Yorker and writes monthly columns for Project Syndicate. He is a professor at Bard College and lives in New York City.